India's Fermented Foods: A List of All Traditional Dishes

India has a rich culinary heritage with a wide range of unique and flavorful dishes. Among these, fermented foods hold a significant place, as they not only add a distinct taste but also come with numerous health benefits. Fermentation is a natural process that uses microorganisms like bacteria and yeast to break down complex molecules in food, producing acids, alcohol, and gases. This process not only preserves the food but also enhances its nutritional value. In this article, we will explore some of the best traditional Indian fermented foods that have been an integral part of its cuisine for generations.

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Best Traditional Indian Fermented Foods: Savor the Goodness!

Here is the list of some of the best fermented foods in India that you just can’t afford to miss:

1. Enduri Pitha: One of the Best Indian Fermented Foods to Try

Enduri Pitha traditional Indian fermented rice cake from Odisha — Enduri Pitha

This is one of the traditional Indian fermented foods from Odisha that you can prepare with fermented rice and coconut. To prepare this dish, you have to ferment the bamboo shoots for several days with mustard oil, spices, and chillies, which gives them a unique spicy and sour flavour.

2. Khorisa: The Flavorsome Assamese Dish for You

Khorisa fermented bamboo shoot traditional food from Assam — Khorisa

Khorisa, also known as bamboo shoot pickle, is a popular dish in Assam. In order to make this dish, ferment the bamboo shoots with mustard oil, spices, and chilli. This imparts a distinct sour and spicy flavour. It is one of those fermented Indian foods that you will surely love.

3. Handia: The Popular Fermented Drink of Jharkhand

Handia traditional Indian fermented rice drink from Jharkhand and Odisha — Handia

Handia is a popular drink in Jharkhand and is made by fermenting rice with a traditional yeast culture called ‘launga’. This drink is known for its rich and earthy flavor. It is one of the best fermented foods with a refreshing taste.

4. Chak Hao Kheer: Savor the Delicious Purple Dessert

Chak Hao Kheer traditional fermented black rice pudding from Manipur — Chak Hao Kheer

This Manipuri dessert is made with black rice, which is fermented for several days before cooking. The fermentation process gives the rice a unique purple hue and a nutty flavor. It is one of the best fermented foods to try in India.

5. Pitha: Taste the Mouthwatering Rice Cakes

Pitha is a type of rice cake that is popular in many states across India. The batter of this fermented Indian food is made with fermented rice, coconut, and jaggery, giving it a soft and fluffy texture.

6. Chhena Poda: The Famous Fermented Dessert of Odisha

Chhena Poda traditional Indian baked cheese dessert from Odisha — Chhena Poda

This fermented Indian food is a popular dessert from Odisha. You can prepare it by fermenting cottage cheese, sugar, and semolina. The dish is baked to perfection, further giving it a caramelised crust and a soft, spongy centre.

7. Sol Kadhi: The Refreshing Maharashtrian Drink

Sol Kadhi traditional Indian fermented coconut drink from Maharashtra — Sol Kadhi

It is a very popular refreshing drink from Maharashtra. You can prepare this drink by fermenting coconut milk and kokum for several hours. The fermentation process gives it a tangy flavor and a vibrant pink color.

8. Shrikhand: A Delight for Sweet-tooths

Shrikhand traditional Indian fermented yogurt dessert from Maharashtra and Gujarat — Shrikhand

Shrikhand is a sweet yogurt-based fermented foods dessert that is popular in Gujarat and Maharashtra. To make this dish, hang the yoghurt to remove excess water, then flavour it with saffron, sugar, and cardamom.

9. Thepla: The Gujrati Dish You Must Try

Thepla traditional Indian fermented flatbread from Gujarat — Thepla

Thepla is a popular flatbread from Gujarat that is made with fermented dough, wheat flour, and spices. The fermentation process gives it a distinct sour flavor and a soft texture.

10. Pickles: The Best Fermented Foods of India

Indian fermented pickles traditional probiotic-rich condiment — Pickles

Pickles are an integral part of Indian cuisine, and there are countless varieties available across the country. Most pickles are made by fermenting vegetables like mango, lemon, and chili in a brine solution. You can also prepare amla and carrot pickles like this. This is one of the most famous fermented foods in the world.

11. Moru Curry: Dive into the Heavenly Flavors

Traditional South Indian Moru Curry – fermented buttermilk curry with spices — Moru Curry

It is a traditional Kerala dish that you can prepare with fermenting yoghurt, curry, and spices. The fermentation process gives it a tangy flavor and a thick, creamy texture. The fermented Indian food is best for your digestive system.

12. Kallappam and Appam: Popular Kerala Breakfast Dish

Kallappam and Appam – traditional South Indian fermented rice pancakes — Kallappam and Appam

These are yet another popular Kerala breakfast dish. You can prepare it with fermented rice and coconut milk. The batter is allowed to ferment overnight, which further contributes to the soft, fluffy texture of the pancakes.

13. Idli and Dosa: The Best Dishes of South India

Idli and dosa are popular breakfast dishes from South India and are one of the tastiest fermented foods in India. You can prepare it with fermented rice and lentil batter. The fermentation process gives them a distinct tangy flavor and a fluffy texture.

14. Kombucha: One of the Best Probiotic Drink

Kombucha – traditional fermented tea with probiotics for gut health — Kombucha

Kombucha is a fermented drink made with tea, sugar, and a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast. This health drink is gaining popularity due to its probiotic properties.

15. Kanji: The Tangy Drink for Immunity

Traditional Indian Kanji Fermented Drink - Probiotic-Rich Health Beverage — Kanji

Kanji is a traditional Punjabi drink made with fermented black carrots, mustard seeds, and water. This process also gives it a nice tangy and slightly bitter taste, which makes it an excellent drink to aid your digestive system.

16. Sel Roti: The Delicious Nepali Sweet Snack

Sel Roti Traditional Fermented Rice Bread - Nepalese and Indian Festival Food — Sel Roti

Sel roti is a traditional Nepali sweet snack made with fermented rice flour and sugar. In order to prepare this dish, you have to pour the batter into circular shapes and deep-fry it until it becomes crisp on the outside and soft on the inside.

17. Dhokla: The Spongy Gujrati Snack

Traditional Indian Dhokla Fermented Snack - Probiotic-Rich and Healthy — Dhokla

Dhokla tops among the fermented foods list and is a popular Gujarati snack that you can prepare by fermenting chickpea flour batter. First, you have to steam the batter, then temper it with mustard seeds, curry leaves, and green chilies to give it a tangy and spicy flavor.

18. Dahi: To Boost Your Metabolism

Traditional Indian Yogurt - Probiotic-Rich Fermented Food for Gut Health — Yogurt

Dahi, also known as yogurt, is a staple in Indian cuisine and is made by fermenting milk with live cultures. It is not only rich in probiotics but is also a good source of calcium and protein.

19. Gundruk: The Fermented Leafy Vegetable Dish from Nepal

Gundruk Fermented Leafy Green - Traditional Probiotic Food from India — Gundruk

Gundruk is a fermented leafy vegetable dish from Nepal, made with mustard greens, radish leaves, or spinach. You have to pickle the leaves with salt and spices and leave them to ferment for several days. This helps in giving them a sour and pungent taste.

20. Hawaijar: The Popular Dish from Manipur

Traditional Hawaijar Fermented Soybean Dish from India - Gut Health Benefits — Hawaijar

Hawaijar is a popular fish dish from Manipur which you can prepare by combining small freshwater fish, chili, and bamboo shoots. Several days are spent fermenting fish with bamboo shoots, giving it a strong, pungent taste.

Bottom Line

Fermented foods have been a part of India’s culinary heritage for centuries and will continue to be an integral part of its cuisine. The fermentation process not only enhances the flavor and aroma of the food but also increases its nutritional value. From pickles to desserts, there is a wide range of fermented food products to try in India, each with its own unique taste and health benefits. So next time you’re in India, be sure to try some of these delicious and healthy fermented foods.